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Joep Beckeringh wrote:
According to Kernighan and Ritchie the implementation-defined limits of
a C compiler are contained within the limits.h header file. Short and
int should be 2 bytes minimum; long should be 4 bytes minimum.
At one time, the relative sizes of int, short, and long were defined by
the relationship "sizeof(short) <= sizeof(int) <= sizeof(long)", where
"sizeof(int)" was normally the preferred word size of the CPU in bytes.
So it was possible that in certain implementations of the C compiler,
all three types would map to the same size.
These days, I believe the current C standard is a bit more specific:
sizeof(char) >= 1 (bytes)
sizeof(short) >= 2
sizeof(int) >= 2
sizeof(long) >= 4
sizeof(long long) >= 8
which is a bit more useful from the point of view of software portability.
In practice, it's not that big a deal, and I've never seen a problem
with mismatched integer sizes in all my years of C programming. Unless
you know you need to store potentially very large integer or unsigned
values, or you need to match some external interface, just declaring
your numeric variables as int is normally good enough.
Cheers! Hans
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