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P2P is when the two sides on a connection can be either a client, a server,
or both. Specifically, client/server is an architectural approach which is
simple, robust, and scalable (i never said client/server is a bad thing).
By designating a specific role (client or server) to each side it makes
implementing a scalable and robust distributed app simple. A client always
initiates a request to the server, and a server simply processes requests. A
client also typically knows the address of the server wher to send the
requests to.
If you have simply TCP/IP, you actually have a peer-to-peer network. Each
program can connect to any other program and take on whichever role. But
distributing code over different processes which are "peers" (i.e. they are
equal) is more difficult to implement.
You can say that APPN is peer-to-peer and TCP/IP is not, because APPN
implements additional functionality that is specifically for peer-to-peer
networking such as discovery of neighbor peers. In TCP/IP you have to
implement this yourself with e.g. UDP. In APPN, the LU6.2 logical unit is
the "peer" on the network. LU6.2 supports different protocols for dealing
with peer-to-peer networking.
A green-screen terminal is also a peer in the network, but in practice it
acts more as a server, and the program running on the host is the client.
E.g. the program requests the terminal to display a format. So most of the
time a terminal takes on the server role. However, at first, when logging
into the system, a terminal initiates a session and has the client role.
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