RE: CL pgm and pointer variables

["Steve Richter" <srichter@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>]

Eric,

Pointers are nothing to be afraid of. ( regardless of what Hans says ) And
why not use them when they allow your code to be more direct, easier to
read, more to the "point"?

There are problems, maybe better said as "potential sources of errors", when
using pointers.  The first PSE is that pointers are typeless, that is the
compiler does not know whether the pointer points to a packed decimal, a
character string or data structure. A good start in dealing with this
problem is to allow a pointer to be declared with a type attribute:
  d pName       s           *    Like( OrdHdr.CustName )
  d pOrdHdr     s           *    likeds( OrdHdr )

An additional way to reduce type mixup errors is to permit data pointers to
be used in rpg.  Data pointers were built into the original s/38 by some
genius who was surely banished from Rochester long ago. A data pointer
contains both a pointer to something and also the attributes of the
something.  This elimiates the type mixup and makes for even cleaner code.
 d Name        s          30a
 d AnotherName s          30a
 d Amount      s           7p 2
 d dpSomething s            *     dataptr
   /free
     dpSomething = %AddrAndAttr( Name ) ;
     AnotherName = dpSomething ; // copies Name to AnotherName
   /end-free

The 2nd source of error is not with the pointer itself, but the requirement
to free the memory that has been allocated as the program runs. That is you
must Dealloc what has been %alloc'd.

The current RPG ILE is wide open for this kind of error.  To deal with it
you either go the java route and handle all alloc and dealloc internally. Or
go the C++ route and implement real good scoping with constructor and
destructor code that runs automatically on scope entry and exit (
procedure/program entry and exit ).

Steve Richter