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Leif said <SNIP> not really. Subroutines can have states too, either by having the state information in a parameter passed to them or simply by not deactivating themselves. Maybe it is because you come from an RPG background that you can't see this. If you have worked with COBOL you would be used to your subroutines having state as that is the default. The classical case is a COBOL program acting as a file I/O handler. The COBOL program encapsulates access to a "file" which could be either an SQL table, a data area, a "normal" database file, or stored on another system. You call the "file I/O" handler with an operation code (a "method"). It does the operation to its internal state (its opened file) causing communication with the external world. This is a technique used by COBOL programmer for at least the last 35 years. The file managed by the COBOL program becomes an object, e.g. a customer. There is absolutely no conceptual difference here. <SNIP> You're right Leif, I teach this at my "External I/O routines using SQL" session at COMMON. Great technique John +--- | This is the Midrange System Mailing List! | To submit a new message, send your mail to MIDRANGE-L@midrange.com. | To subscribe to this list send email to MIDRANGE-L-SUB@midrange.com. | To unsubscribe from this list send email to MIDRANGE-L-UNSUB@midrange.com. | Questions should be directed to the list owner/operator: david@midrange.com +---
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