Re: FieldProc Error - column has returned invalid data on a Zoned Numeric column -- RPG400-L

Hi Jay

I suspect my mention last week of the handler I wrote has muddied the waters. I did not at first understand that Mike was talking about creating the FIELDPROC. I don't remember the exact timing, but I think we got through that early in this thread.

So my question, related to your post about an end to end FIELDPROC solution (very cool and generous, BTW) - do you require that people use embedded SQL for this, or SQL procedures? To avoid the problem with a FIELDPROC over key fields? The vendor for who i wrote the handler was faced with customers who could not afford to change everything to embedded SQL.

Regards and stay well!
Vern

On 3/29/2020 6:06 PM, Jay Vaughn wrote:

The only thing Vern's OA handler is going to address is the side effect
that comes along with encrypted key fields paired with native I/O
combination of setll/read. Not to sell the handler short. It was a huge
accomplishment to have an handler developed to translate any native i/o
operation to the sql equivalent., so not trying to sell it short... but as
it relates to encryption and field procedures, this is the area in which it
is needed.

And this is applied to the application layer far after the field procedure
is created and attached to the file//field

jay

Jay

On Tue, Mar 24, 2020 at 8:45 AM Mike Jones <mike.jones.sysdev@xxxxxxxxx>
wrote:

Hi Vernon,

It means field procedure programs can't run SQL statements. It also means
field procedure programs can't call other commands or programs that run SQL
statements. This even applies to calling IBM commands and programs.

IBM's V7R3 SQL Reference manual page 1175, for the CREATE TABLE statements
for the FIELDPROC attribute says "Designates an external-program-name as
the field procedure exit routine for the column. It must be an ILE program
that does not contain SQL. It cannot be a service program."

I tried to make a field procedure program that would largely self-deploy,
where it would create a key store file (via IBM's API), and generate /
populate it with an encryption key, but calling the API to create a key
store file would not run. When I looked into why, it was because IBM's API
to create a key store file runs SQL, and I found documentation that you
can't do that.

I don't know why it is like that, just that it is.

Perhaps using an Open Access handler is a workaround, I don't know.

Those were my findings at the V7R3 level. I've not tried it on V7R4.

Mike

On Mon, Mar 23, 2020 at 9:39 PM Vernon Hamberg <vhamberg@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
wrote:

Mike - I'm not sure exactly what your statement means. If you mean that
the programs themselves can't have embedded SQL, that's something I
don't know.

Now what I do know is that if a key field has a FIELDPROC added to it,
that the resulting order in RPG is probably incorrect. I wrote an Open
Access handler to turn all DISK IO in RPG into SQL statements - only
change in the RPG is to add the handler to the F-spec. I wrote this for
Townsend Security (this was publicly announced, so no secrets being
revealed here), I believe there is a relationship now with Syncsort, if
anyone has a need for this - I'm not working for either company, so this
is not a <verndor option>!!

Vern

On 3/23/2020 11:00 PM, Mike Jones wrote:

Nathan

Field proc programs don't yet allow the use of any SQL. They also

don't

yet support calling a program or command that directly or indirectly

runs

SQL statements. Example: you can't call IBM's API to create a key

store

file, from inside a field procedure program, because that API runs SQL

in

its plumbing.

I've gotten all that encryption field procedure stuff to work well,

but i

was a PITA getting it all to work. I utilized code from at least a

handful

of sample programs.

- AES 256-bit encryption
- DEKs (data encryption keys) stored in key store files.
- Using KEKs (key encrypting keys) to encrypt the DEKs (data

encryption

keys), also stored in key store files.
- Using master keys to encrypt the key store files.
- Using tokens with the encryption APIs so the keys can't be

retrieved

even under debug.

If you're trying to take a zoned decimal number, encrypt it, and store

it

in the database, you need to store the result in:

- A CHAR or VARCHAR column with the FOR BIT DATA attribute applied,
which uses CCSID 65535.
- A BINARY column
- A VARBINARY column
- A BLOB column
- Or the DDS file defined equivalent of one of the above.

The encrypted data is a binary string that requires one of those data

types

to store the results. Encrypted data doesn't conform to the set of

hex

values that are allowable for storage in a zoned or packed decimal

column,

Get the IBM Redbook "IBM System i Security: Protecting i5/OS Data with
Encryption". In the July 2008 version of that book, see chapter 7
"Database Considerations", section 7.2, pages 78 and 79 in particular,

talk

about storage requirements of the encrypted data.

Another great PDF book is "Protecting IBM i data with encryption" by

Kent

Milligan and Beth Hagemeister (March 2014). Read pages 31 through 33

for

storage requirements.

When you apply the field procedure to a column (ALTER TABLE ALTER

COLUMN),

it calls the field procedure to encrypt that column for ALL rows of the
table.
When you drop a field procedure from a column (ALTER TABLE ALTER

COLUMN),

it calls the field procedure to decrypt that column for ALL rows of the
table.

I imagine a field procedure could be used for a non-encryption purpose,
although I've not tried that (no use case comes to mind at the moment).
Assuming that is allowed, a field procedure that returns zoned decimal

data

for storage in a zoned decimal column is fine to do, but not with

encrypted

data.

HTH,

Mike

On Mon, Mar 23, 2020 at 4:48 PM Vernon Hamberg <

vhamberg@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

wrote:

Nathan

Is the numeric column in question a key of the file? Are you using
native record-level access? If either, then RPG might give you

problems.

I thought it was only with keyed columns, but maybe not.

You might try using SQL to process the file.

Vern

On 3/23/2020 3:26 PM, Nathan Hughes wrote:

First I want to apologize for my ignorance in RPGLE...we typically

don't

use this programming language, but have to for FieldProc purposes.

I've

researched this issue for a couple weeks now, and cannot find a

resolution.

I'm currently trying to write a field procedure program. I have taken

the

IBM RPGLE example (

https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledg...yfpexample.htm<

https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/ssw_ibm_i_73/sqlp/rbafyfpexample.htm

),

and started to modify it to work for us.

Here is the table that was created for testing purposes:
********** Beginning of data *************************************
A R REC
A ECNUM 16S 0 COLHDG('NUMBER')
A ALIAS(EC_NUMBER)
A ECALPHA 32A COLHDG('ALPHA')
A ALIAS(EC_ALPHA)
************* End of data ****************************************
The program from the link above allows for several SQL types, clob,

varchar, char, blob, etc., but I needed to add zoned numeric. To

begin,

I

studied and stepped through the program to see what it was doing, and
thought I had a good understanding of how it worked. I then started

adding

what appeared as necessary for the SQL_TYP_ZONED (488).

When I send the 'ALTER TABLE' command and set the FieldProc program

on

a

column, the first call is to Register(function code: 8), the next is
Encode(function code: 0) to encode the values in said column.

I set a breakpoint at the end of the program, and evaluated the

parameters when setting the FieldProc on a VARCHAR and ZONED NUMERIC
columns, and besides being different data types all appears correct,

but

the ZONED NUMERIC column abruptly stops with the error below after the
register call.

Message ID . . . . . . : SQL0685
Date sent . . . . . . : 03/18/20 Time sent . . . . . . : 16:17:04

Message . . . . : Field procedure on column ECNUM has returned

invalid

data.

Cause . . . . . : Field procedure on column ECNUM has returned

invalid

data.

Recovery . . . : Change the field procedure to return valid data.

Thank you in advance for any help you can give on this.

Thanks,
Nathan Hughes
Software Developer

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