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>> (C) write their own >> version. Most people choose (C) unfortunately. In addition, most people >> continue to use CALL/CALLB for APIs rather than use the prototyped call. >> This too is very disappointing. Have to agree with you 100% on this one Bob. How many times have we seen people re-implementation IFS in a program. Why do you need ten different versions of IFS logic? Everyone at my company is using CALLB with no prototyping. Enough to make me heave and worse implementing service programs using *ENTRY PLIST's. Absolutely scary. There was talk at one time of developing standard class libraries (Standard service programs) at one place but with all out ego's (Mine especially), nothing has come of it. I would especially like to see libraries with standard error handling models like I do in mine. Seems like that is the piece I see missing in other stuff I see. Jon, I wonder if this is something you might consider for the new version of "I Didn't Know You Could Do That?". Standard class libraries available for download and all examples using the standard class libraries and discussion of how the class libraries were developed. Just a thought. -----Original Message----- From: Bob Cozzi [mailto:cozzi@xxxxxxxxx] Sent: Wednesday, July 06, 2005 11:11 AM To: 'RPG programming on the AS400 / iSeries' Subject: RE: Multi Occurrence Data Structure returned from a procedure I think both solutions are viable, depending on the situation. Return a pointer for the caller's ability to do things with the data faster and more directly, return a "handle" to dumb-down the interface and do all the work for the caller. I find most programmers in this market do use any helper functions anyway--they love reinventing the wheel--so they will either (A) use your interface, (B) wrap it in their own addition code, or (C) write their own version. Most people choose (C) unfortunately. In addition, most people continue to use CALL/CALLB for APIs rather than use the prototyped call. This too is very disappointing. I have a routine called "Get Pointer to User Space" (the name isn't important. But most people will still call the QUSCRTUS and QUSRPTRUS APIs, as follows: ********************************************************* ** C R E A T E U S E R S P A C E ********************************************************* D QusCrtUsrSpace PR ExtPgm('QUSCRTUS') D UsrSpace 20A Const D ExtAttr 10A Const D nSize 10I 0 Const D InitValue 1A Const D PubAuth 10A Const D szTextDesc 50A Const D Replace 10A Const D api_error Like(xt_QUSEC) OPTIONS(*NOPASS) D bSysDomain 10A Const OPTIONS(*NOPASS) ********************************************************* ** R E T R I E V E P T R to U S E R S P A C E ********************************************************* D QusRtvPtrToUserSpace... D PR ExtPgm('QUSPTRUS') D szUserspace 20A Const D pRtnPtr * D api_error Like(QUSEC) OPTIONS(*NOPASS) What my wrapper procedure does is create the user space (if it doesn't already exist) and then retrieve the pointer to the user space. So you call the wrapper/add-in procedure as follows: Eval pArray = CrtUserSpacePtr('QTEMP/MYUSRSPC') The prototype is as follows: ************************************************************** ** C R E A T E U S E R S P A C E G E T P O I N T E R ************************************************************** D CrtUserSpacePtr PR * ExtProc('CRTUSRSPCPTR') D szUserSpace 21A Const OPTIONS(*NOPASS:*OMIT) D nInitSize 10I 0 Const OPTIONS(*NOPASS:*OMIT) You call CrtUserSpacePtr and it will create the user space unless it already exists, and then return the pointer to that user space. If you don't pass in a user space name, then it creates one in QTEMP and returns a pointer to that user space. A random name is generated to insure uniqueness. Once you have the pointer, assign it to the pointer variable on which your "dynamic" array is based, and you're done. The caller really doesn't need to worry about the pointer any more since user spaces created with CrtUsrSpcPtr() are automatically increased. (Just be sure to use the new V5R3 %SUBARR() built-in when accessing or sorting a subset of the array's elements. -Bob Cozzi www.RPGxTools.com If everything is under control, you are going too slow. - Mario Andretti -----Original Message----- From: rpg400-l-bounces@xxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:rpg400-l-bounces@xxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of Alan Campin Sent: Wednesday, July 06, 2005 12:49 PM To: RPG programming on the AS400 / iSeries Subject: RE: Multi Occurrence Data Structure returned from a procedure >> Sure, it would be possible to return a numeric value that provided a reference to an index, which provided a >> >> reference to an "instance", but returning the "instance" pointer is a simpler solution. It might be simpler but I don't agree it is better. Like I indicated in the previous post, have the user assign a name to the instance and reference it by the name. A little more work in the service program but a hell of lot less dangerous for the user of the function. That pointer you are returning can go anywhere. It is completely type less and can be pointed to anything. If you assign a name, you can verify the name exists and is valid. Pointer could be from anywhere. I have a program I am working on that does dynamic array management. I am implementing differently but just having the user pass a name to me to create the array. Internally, I just need a few extra lines of code to manage the list since you could have multiple arrays open. User just passes name and I get from list. I have to manage a list with information from the array anyway. Why not just add the name to the list? Anyway, my opinion only. I just feel there is always an alternative. -----Original Message----- From: Nathan Andelin [mailto:nandelin@xxxxxxxxx] Sent: Tuesday, July 05, 2005 8:40 PM To: RPG programming on the AS400 / iSeries Subject: RE: Multi Occurrence Data Structure returned from a procedure Scott, I'm with you on this one. You've described a technique that I've used a lot, and found to be very practical. Consider the example of a service program that exports a set of procedures for managing linked lists, which some folks call dynamic arrays. One procedure could instantiate a new list, and return a pointer to that "instance". The instance pointer could be passed to other procedures used to add or remove entries in the list. The list "instance" is a reference to a dynamically allocated data structure, having sub-variables that specify the number of entries in the list, the pointer to the first entry in the list, and so forth. Sure, it would be possible to return a numeric value that provided a reference to an index, which provided a reference to an "instance", but returning the "instance" pointer is a simpler solution. Nathan M. Andelin Scott Klement <rpg400-l@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote:Hi Alan, > Returning pointers from a service program or external routine is > extremely bad form no matter what. The only time that I find it > appropriate is where it must be returned as with a > USPC_GetPointerToUserSpace. I agree with you that you should not return pointers in situations where the calling routine is expected to interpret the contents of the memory that it points to. However, by the same token, I don't think returning a pointer to a user space is a good idea, either!! The calling program shouldn't need to know that you've stored your data in a user space, or dynamic memory, or a file, or anything else -- all of that should be transparent to the caller! Returning a pointer to a user space is every bit as bad as returning a pointer to allocated memory or to a static variable. Unfortunately, in the case of MODS, there's no other way to pass them from one procedure to another. So, if you MUST pass a MODS, that's how you have to do it. Though, I agree that replacing the MODS with multiple calls to a procedure is better, if it's possible. The one place that I do allow returning a pointer is when the pointer is "opaque". In other words, the caller doesn't need to know what it points to, what the format of that space is, how big it is... it doesn't have to know anything about it. Although I know that some people on this list won't agree with me, I don't think an opaque pointer is that bad. It's certainly better than returning a data structure (which is the workaround that I've seen many people do) For example, let's say you're creating a service program that works with an order. You want to use a pseudo-object-oriented approach. So you do something like this: x = order_new(); order_load(x: 'SA12354'); order_setShipTo(x: 'Scott Klement' : '123 Sesame St' : 'Milwaukee' : 'WI' : '53201' ); order_save(x); order_destroy(x); In the code above, X is a pointer. The "ORDER" service program contains subprocedures called "order_new" "order_load" "order_setShipTo", etc. Inside that service program, it points to a data structure that contains all of the per-order state information. That way, the srvpgm can be written to allow many different "order objects" to be created at once. To encapsulate this, order_new() allocates space for the DS, and returns the pointer. The caller doesn't know what the format of the memory, the size of the allocatation, etc are. All it knows is that this is a "handle" that it has to pass back to the other routines in the order srvpgm. Obviously, order_destroy() frees up that memory. That way, if I need to add more stuff to the ORDER srvpgm's data structure, I can make the allocation bigger, add fields, etc, without breaking anything. I consider this approach to be acceptible. Now, I know someone is going to reply to this message and tell me that I should use a numeric handle instead of a pointer. And, I don't disagree, but I don't think the pointer method is bad, either. If someone is foolish enough to examine the memory that the pointer points to and try to reverse engineer the data structure, they deserve their fate when an upgrade breaks compatibility :) But, for sure, in a situation like yours where people are returning a pointer and expecting the caller to interpret the memory, I think that's a bad idea, and should be nipped in the bud. -- This is the RPG programming on the AS400 / iSeries (RPG400-L) mailing list To post a message email: RPG400-L@xxxxxxxxxxxx To subscribe, unsubscribe, or change list options, visit: http://lists.midrange.com/mailman/listinfo/rpg400-l or email: RPG400-L-request@xxxxxxxxxxxx Before posting, please take a moment to review the archives at http://archive.midrange.com/rpg400-l. __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around http://mail.yahoo.com -- This is the RPG programming on the AS400 / iSeries (RPG400-L) mailing list To post a message email: RPG400-L@xxxxxxxxxxxx To subscribe, unsubscribe, or change list options, visit: http://lists.midrange.com/mailman/listinfo/rpg400-l or email: RPG400-L-request@xxxxxxxxxxxx Before posting, please take a moment to review the archives at http://archive.midrange.com/rpg400-l.
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