Default ASCII-EBCDIC translation

Let's take a simple situation where you wish to pass an array of binary
data from an RPG program to a Java method.  The easiest way to do this
is to pass the value as an array of bytes.  However, there is a
potential gotcha in the definition of the array.

If you specify the array as an array of binary values (3I 0), then there
is no issue.  No translation is done, and the data is received in the
Java method exactly as it appears in the calling RPG module.  However,
if you specify the array as character data (1A), then the data is
translated from EBCDIC to ASCII, which can cause some interesting things
to occur.

So, when passing binary data, always specify (3I 0) or (3U 0) for your
array.

However, let's say you DID want to pass character data, and you DID want
the compiler to automatically translate the data from EBCDIC to ASCII,
and so you defined your array as character data.  Here's the question:
what translation method is used???

Is it indeed one of the many TRNTBL objects on the iSeries?  Or is it a
CCSID-to-CCSID translation a la the iconv API?  And whatever the case,
how does one find out exactly what translation (either TRNTBL or CCSIDs)
is being used?

JOe