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> From: michael@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx > > I'm wondering if the difference in terms relates to (IIRC) that one can > only access data in a truly relational database management system > through the use of SQL. Seems that was one of Codd's Laws? This is right and wrong. Codd's 12th rule specified that an RDBMS should not be accessible in a way that subverts its constraints and integrity rules. That is, the database should ONLY be accessible through the Query language. However, and most people don't realize this, Codd didn't say that the language should be SQL. SQL just happens to be the de facto standard. The other rarely mentioned fact is that there ARE no databases that conform to even Codd's original 12 rules (and he added more later). So I guess if you think of Dr. Codd's work as the definitive standard of database design, then all SQL vendors fall short of the mark. Joe
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